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Structuring tool, not legal advice.

Legal area · Housing

Housing & Tenancy

Your landlord is withholding your deposit, ignoring repairs, or threatening eviction. We structure your correspondence, evidence, and the legal deadlines before you raise it with the deposit protection scheme, the council, or the court.

Time limit
6 years for contract claims. For a deposit penalty: within 3 months of the tenancy ending.
Response window
20 working days to reply
Jurisdiction
England and Wales

Or pick one:

Free and confidential. No legal knowledge needed.

£0Average deposit disputed
0Days to reply (housing protocol)
0M+Tenancies protected under UK law
0Minutes to complete intake
Chapter 1

What you're facing

The most common housing issues people bring to Ratio.

  • Deposit not returned or not protected
  • Disrepair and maintenance failures
  • Illegal eviction or harassment
  • Section 21 notice validity
  • Retaliatory eviction
Real scenarios

Composite cases drawn from common housing matters. Names changed; facts representative.

Sarah — deposit withheld

£1,200Housing Act 2004 s.213

After an 18-month tenancy, her landlord withheld the full deposit citing ‘cleaning and wear’. No check-in inventory was ever provided.

OutcomeRatio structured her correspondence, photos, and the missing prescribed information into a matter file ready for a solicitor letter before action.

James — six months of disrepair

£6,800 rent affectedLandlord and Tenant Act 1985 s.11

Persistent damp and a broken boiler reported repeatedly over winter; landlord insisted tenants were ‘overusing heating’.

OutcomeTimeline of reports, photos, and GP notes for the children’s chest infection compiled into a Housing Conditions protocol bundle.

Priya — retaliatory Section 21

Tenancy at stakeDeregulation Act 2015

Received a Section 21 notice three weeks after reporting a missing smoke alarm and formally complaining about mould.

OutcomeRatio flagged the retaliatory-eviction defence and organised her report timeline to send with a referral to Shelter.

The Difference

What changes when you arrive prepared

Person stressed with paperwork

Without Ratio

1–2 hours at first appointment

  • Solicitor spends the first 30 minutes establishing basic facts
  • Key deadlines may have passed before you realise
  • You may not know what evidence you need
  • First appointment costs more
Confident professional with organised documents

With Ratio

15 minutes of preparation

  • Your facts are already organised when you walk in
  • Deadlines are flagged and explained before your appointment
  • Evidence gaps are identified and listed for you
  • Your solicitor can focus on strategy, not admin
Chapter 2

The legal picture

The statutes, limitation periods, evidence, and pathway you need to know.

What the law says

Housing Act 2004

s.213-215

Deposit protection requirements

Landlord and Tenant Act 1985

s.11

Landlord's repair obligations

Protection from Eviction Act 1977

Unlawful eviction and harassment

Deregulation Act 2015

Retaliatory eviction protections

Limitation: 6 years for contract claims. For a deposit penalty: within 3 months of the tenancy ending.
Housing Conditions pre-action protocol: 20 working days to reply

Evidence you'll likely need

  • Tenancy agreement
  • Deposit protection certificate
  • Check-in/check-out inventory
  • Photos of property condition
  • Correspondence with landlord
  • Bank statements showing deposit payment
  • Section 21/Section 8 notices

The typical pathway

  1. 01

    Pre-Action Protocol

    20 working days for response

    Send letter of complaint to landlord detailing issues

  2. 02

    Letter Before Action

    14 days for response

    Formal letter stating intent to issue court proceedings

  3. 03

    Issue Claim

    1-2 weeks to issue

    File claim form (N1) at County Court

  4. 04

    Directions

    4-8 weeks

    Court sets timetable and allocates track

  5. 05

    Hearing

    Set by court

    Case heard by District or Circuit Judge

  6. 06

    Judgment & Enforcement

    Immediate to weeks

    Court issues judgment; enforcement if needed

What the other side will argue

Knowing the common defences lets you collect the right evidence early.

Their argument

Deductions were for legitimate damage beyond fair wear and tear

Landlords often claim the property was damaged to justify withholding the deposit

How to answerCheck-in/check-out inventory with dated photos showing property condition

Their argument

Deposit was protected within the statutory timeframe

Landlords may claim compliance with deposit protection rules

How to answerRequest deposit protection certificate and check dates against tenancy start

Their argument

Notice was properly served

In eviction cases, landlords claim proper service of Section 21 or Section 8 notices

How to answerCheck notice format, prescribed information requirements, and service method

Chapter 3

How Ratio helps

Talk to The Usher, or jump straight into structured intake.

Your housing matter, structured in about 14 minutes

Ratio asks plain-language questions in the right order. At the end you get a matter file with your facts, parties, timeline, evidence, and the legal framework — ready to take to a solicitor. It is not legal advice.

Or pick one:

Free and confidential. No legal knowledge needed.

Chapter 4

Frequently asked

Can I still act if my tenancy has already ended?

Yes. Deposit-protection claims have a separate window under HA 2004 s.214 — up to six years for contract-based claims, and a tenant can bring a claim up to six years after the breach even where the tenancy has ended. Ratio maps your dates so you know which clocks are still running.

Does this cover private landlords and housing associations?

Both. The statutes differ slightly (Section 21 doesn’t apply the same way to social landlords), but Ratio identifies which framework applies based on your landlord type.

Can I combine disrepair and deposit issues in one matter?

Yes. Ratio flags both as separate claims inside one matter file so a solicitor can see them in context. They often share evidence (photos, correspondence).

What if my landlord never gave me a tenancy agreement?

An oral tenancy is still a tenancy under common law. Ratio helps you document what was agreed, when rent was paid, and how the tenancy was created.

Do I need a solicitor to use Ratio?

No — Ratio structures your information so you can make informed choices. Many users take the matter file to Citizens Advice or a housing solicitor for a first appointment.

Ready to structure your housing matter?

Free to begin. No account required. Most clients complete their file in about 14 minutes.

Or pick one:

Free and confidential. No legal knowledge needed.

Safeguarding support is built in — if something urgent comes up we flag free help (Shelter, Samaritans, 999) before anything else.

  • England and Wales only. We do not cover other jurisdictions.
  • Your information is private. We do not sell your data to third parties.
  • Designed for solicitor review. A structured file, readable in around fifteen minutes.